{"product_id":"early-philippines-legal-printing-rare-17th-century-libel-printed-in-manila","title":"Early Philippines legal printing - Rare 17th Century Libel printed in Manila","description":"\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eEarly Philippines legal printing - Rare 17\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; vertical-align: super; mso-text-raise: 30%; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eth\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e Century Libel printed in Manila\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eCerbantes\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e Altamirano, Joseph:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e“\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eIuridico\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e Informe \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003epor\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e la Justicia de \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eel\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e B. D. Rafael \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eOme\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e, Capitan D. Manvel Sarmiento, \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eLicenc\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eD.Ioseph\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e Ximenes, y M. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eD.Ioseph\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eCerbantes\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eAltamitano\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e….en \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eel\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eillustre\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eCollegio\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e de s. Thomas, de que sue \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003ealumno\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eAno\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e de M.DC.LXX.IX.\"\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003ePrinted in Manila at the University of Santo Tomas, 25\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; vertical-align: super; mso-text-raise: 30%; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eth\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e November 1679\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eQuarto (290 x 215mm approx)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e34 pp, sewn\/stitched as issued. Housed in later worn Morocco folio \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003edropback\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e box.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eThis is a rare and early Philippine legal imprint dating to 1679 — within a century of the birth of printing in Manila (1593).\u003cspan style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eThe imprint is listed as number 80 in \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eRetana’s\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e systematic census of Philippines printing published in 1906 “\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eAparato\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eBibliográfico\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e de la Historia General de Filipinas”. The work is one of the earliest surviving legal works printed in the Philippines, and I estimate only 6 other Philippines printed legal works predating this from \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eRetana’s\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e census.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eThe title \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eIuridico\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e Informe indicates a formal legal opinion which would be submitted to the colonial authorities. The text concerns a judicial inquiry (“causa de \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eoficio\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e”) involving Captain Manuel Sarmiento and Rafael \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eOme\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e, and was written by Joseph \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eCerbantes\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e Altamirano, who was likely a colonial jurist or cleric attached to the Real Audiencia of Manila. The legal text demonstrates a strong humanist education with classical influences, and includes references to Seneca and Cassiodorus in the opening lines.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eThe University of Santo Tomas was founded in Manilla in 1611 by Miguel de Benavides, the third Archbishop of Manila. Pope Innocent X granted it University status in 1645, making it the oldest existing chartered University in Asia. Printing at the University started in the mid 17\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; vertical-align: super; mso-text-raise: 30%; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eth\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e Century, under the supervision of Dominican friars, making it one of the oldest Western presses in the Pacific.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eRarity: Only one other copy on \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eWorldcat\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e (University of Torino). All early Philippine imprints are rare. Most 17th-century Manila imprints were religious or linguistic in nature, not legal.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eReference: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eRetana\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e 80 — “Cervantes Altamirano (José). \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eJuridico\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003einforme\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e. [Manila,] 1679. P.-G 442” — \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eAparato\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eBibliográfico\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e de la Historia General de Filipinas, no. 80. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"language: en-GB; line-height: normal; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; color: black; text-transform: none; language: en-GB; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e£7500\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"De Bry Rare Books","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56071795179898,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0624\/2969\/2075\/files\/uAhfF.jpg?v=1772252069","url":"https:\/\/debryrarebooks.com\/products\/early-philippines-legal-printing-rare-17th-century-libel-printed-in-manila","provider":"De Bry Rare Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}